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Tpips: command line interpreter

Tpips: command line interpreter

Corinne Ancourt
Fabien Coelho
Guillaume Oget

January 7, 2010 (revision 15925)

You can get a printable version of this document on
http://www.cri.ensmp.fr/pips/tpips-user-manual.htdoc/tpips-user-manual.pdf and a HTML version on http://www.cri.ensmp.fr/pips/tpips-user-manual.htdoc.

Contents

1 Introduction

tpips is the line interface and scripting language of the PIPS project. All PIPS functionalities are available, with on-line help and automatic completion.

tpips is more efficient than the pips based scripts (Init, Display,...) because the database is not open, read, written and closed for each command. tpips is less user-friendly than wpips and epips1 , although it provides the unique opportunity to apply a transformation or display some information on several modules with one command, using pipsmake metavariables, %CALLERS and %CALLEES, or environment user defined variables such as $MODULES (see Example 4.2). The jpips future user interface will provide these pips/tpips functionalities too.

tpips is recommended for large benchmarks and experiments, when analysis and optimization results do not require interactive working. tpips is used for the validation of each new PIPS version.

tpips can be used to automatically replay a manual wpips or tpips session by using logfile_to_tpips. The logfile_to_tpips command derives a tpips script from a logfile in a workspace (see Example 4.2). A PIPS beginner should start with a window interface, wpips or epips2 , and not with tpips. But the simple tools of section 10 can be useful for simple tasks.

Access to Unix Shell and to PIPS properties is provided by tpips. PIPS properties can be modified from tpips , and only from tpips during a PIPS session (see Example 4.3). On the other hand, wpips reads at the beginning of the session the default properties and the new ones (re)defined in the properties.rc file, but no change can be done afterwards. Resetting properties during a session can be used to rebuild an application when some modules have been updated by PIPS, e.g. after partial evaluation.

The tpips commands are listed on-line by the help command. Possible arguments are completed or suggested by automatic completion (TAB and TAB/TAB). A command may be spread on several lines by guarding the line feed characters by backslashes.

2 Syntax

Different functions can be activated with the tpips commands. We decompose these functions in those related to the workspace, the analysis and transformation requests, the PIPS properties and options and the the environment. Functions and their arguments are presented in the next subsections.

2.1 Workspace

The commands for workspaces are: create a new workspace (see pips command Init), open an existing workspace, close the current workspace, and delete the current workspace or a specific one (see pips command Delete).

These commands can be used several times during a session or within a tpips script file.

create <workspace-name> <file-name>
creates and opens a new workspace from a source file — or set of source files
open <workspace-name>
opens an existing workspace
close <workspace-name>
closes an opened workspace
delete <workspace-name>
deletes a closed workspace
quit
quits tpips

2.2 Requests

To apply a transformation or request a particular resource, use the following tpips commands.

For a list of the available resources and their descriptions, have a look to http://www.cri.ensmp.fr/pips/pipsmake-rc.htdoc or http://www.cri.ensmp.fr/pips/pipsmake-rc.htdoc/pipsmake-rc.pdf.

apply <rule-descriptor>
applies a specified rule and produces the associated resources.
capply <rule-descriptor>
applies concurrently a specified rule on the different OWNERs of the <rule-descriptor> and produces the associated resources (see Example 4.4).
display <resource-descriptor>
makes a printable resource (if it does not exist) and prints it out. A printed resource is a ACSII file with the _FILE extension.
make <resource-descriptor>
makes a resource according to default rules

Generic example:

A resource, i.e. any piece of information computed by PIPS, can be required by command:

make␣<resource>

or

make␣<resource[owner]>

which use interproceduraly and recursively default rules (see pips command Build). Or it is produced by a specific rule:

apply <rule>

which will require all its resource arguments by recursively calling make (see pips command Perform).

The owner of a resource is the module it is attached to. By default, the owner is assumed to be the current module.

File resources can be displayed on screen:

display <printable_resource>

as with the pips Display script.

2.3 PIPS properties and options

For a list of the available properties and their descriptions, have a look to http://www.cri.ensmp.fr/pips/properties-rc.htdoc or http://www.cri.ensmp.fr/pips/properties-rc.htdoc/properties-rc.pdf.

activate <rule-name>
activates a rule. Several rules can be used to produce a resource. At any time one of these rules is the default rule.
module <module-name>
specifies the current module to work on.
getproperty <property-name>
prints the value of a PIPS property.
setproperty <property-name> <value>
sets the value of a property — after type check. Possible types are: boolean, int and string.
checkpoint <number>
checkpoints the current workspace every <number> pipsmake operations.

Generic example:

A specific current module is selected as current module with:

module MODULE_NAME

When several rules, i.e. functions, can be used to compute the same resource, for instance a parallel version of a module, the rule selection command is:

activate <rule>

It is equivalent to the pips Select command.

2.4 Environment

The tpips Unix-related commands are: cd, setenv, getenv, echo, and shell.

shell <sh-command> <parameters>
Executes the line as a shell command. With no arguments, run an inferior shell;
source <filenames...>
reads tpips commands from files;
cd <directory-name>
changes the default directory;
echo <string>
prints <string>;
getenv <variable-name>
prints the value of <variable-name> (equivalent to echo ${<variable-name>});
setenv <variable-name> = <value>
sets <value> to <variable-name>;
help <command>
prints out general help or detailed help about an item;
info <name>
print information about <name>. Here <name> can be the module, modules, workspace or directory words.

2.5 Parameters

The parameters of the different commands are :

<file-name>
Unix path and file name.

Shell syntax, such as *.f, can be used when s option is specified or TPIPS_IS_A_SHELL variable is set;

<workspace-name>
Unix file name — no path;
<module-name>
Fortran function name in capital letters or a C function name;
<rule-name>
rule name (see Section 5);
<resource-descriptor>
It is a resource[OWNER] expression: a pipsmake resource name to be computed for each module associated to OWNER (see Sections 6 and 7);
<rule-descriptor>
It is a rulename[OWNER] expression: a pipsmake instantiated rule to be applied on each module associated to OWNER (see Section 5);
the OWNER
— used in the previous <rule-descriptor> and <resource-descriptor> — can take these formats:
module-name
the target module name;
%PROGRAM
the whole program (for global resource);
%MAIN
the main module of the program;
%MODULE
the current module;
${MODULES}
the modules associated to the Shell variable MODULES. The different names are SPACE or/and TAB separated;
%ALL
All workspace modules, including C compilation units3 ;
%ALLFUNC
All workspace functions, excluding C compilation units;
%CALLEES
All the callees of the current selected module;
%CALLERS
All the callers of the current selected module.

If no OWNER is specified, then the current module is assumed. For generic owners, a sign (%) has been added to differentiate them from existing module names and environment variables.

3 Simple session

A simple tpips session is made of a few steps. First, a workspace must be created:

create work source1.f source2.f

and a subdirectory of the current directory, here work.database, is created to store and retrieve code and information computed by PIPS about subroutines and functions found in source1.f or source2.f.

Then, you have to select a module, let say FOO, by typing:

 
module FOO

unless there is only one function or subroutine in the Fortran file(s) which were passed to the create command, in which case it is automatically selected.

To keep it simple the first time, you should then try to display the sequential code of routine FOO by typing:

display PRINTED_FILE

Other resource names let you visualize the parallelized code (PARALLELPRINTED_FILE), or the call graph (CALLGRAPH_FILE)... Names for printable resources usually contain the string FILE.

The standard command to leave tpips is quit but a control-D or end-of-file condition are valid too.

Interactive analysis of module MATMUL from source code pgmsrc.f, in workspace pgm:

$ tpips  
tpips > create pgm pgm-src.f  
 
tpips > module MATMUL  
 
tpips > display PARALLELPRINTED_FILE  
 
tpips > quit  

4 Examples

4.1 Call Graph

To visualize the call graph of the application, the following tpips session can be executed. The call graph of each application routine is displayed.

This example presents a use of:

  • environment variable: setenv PIPS_SRCPATH SRC
  • shell path file name expression that will be expanded: *.f,
  • a <resource-descriptor> : CALLGRAPH_FILE[%ALL]

This tpips example is useful to test PIPS parsing on each new benchmark.

setenv PIPS_SRCPATH SRC      # initiates the source file directory to SRC  
 
create wc *.f                 # creates the wc workspace for the  
                              # Fortran files of the  PIPS_SRCPATH  
                              # directory  
 
display CALLGRAPH_FILE[%ALL]  # CONTROL GRAPH COMPUTATION for each routine  
 
close  
quit  

4.2 Dependences

A programmer that would like to see the routines dependence graph to parallelize interprocedurally the application can executed the following tpips commands.

This example presents some PIPS analyses and use of

  • module selection: module TEST
  • <rule-name>: MUST_REGIONS, REGION_CHAINS
  • logfile_to_tpips command
 
sh>tpips                            # run tpips  
tpips> create wfoo essai.f          # create a workspace for the program essai.f  
tpips> module TEST                  # select the default module TEST  
tpips> display CALLGRAPH_FILE       # display the sub-callgraph for the  
                                       module TEST  
tpips> make PROPER_EFFECTS[%ALL]    # compute proper effects for every  
                                       modules  
tpips> activate MUST_REGIONS        # select the rule must_regions instead  
                                       of the default rule may_regions  
tpips> activate REGION_CHAINS       # select the rule regions_chains for  
                                       computing Use-Def chains in essai.f  
tpips> display DG_FILE[%ALL]        # display all the dependance graphs  
tpips> close wfoo                   # close the workspace  
tpips> quit                         # quit tpips

To store this simple session in a tpips file, use the command:

logfile_to_tpips wfoo > foo.tpips

that generates the following tpips commands in the file foo.tpips.

#  
# file generated by logfile_to_tpips for workspace wfoo  
#  
create wfoo essai.f  
module TEST  
display CALLGRAPH_FILE[TEST]  
display PROPER_EFFECTS[TEST]  
activate MUST_REGIONS  
activate REGION_CHAINS  
display DG_FILE[TEST]  
close  
quit  
# EOF

ote that expression %ALL has been expanded by all program routines, in that example there is only one TEST routine in essai.f.

4.3 Transformations

The following transformations are designed for application optimization. Specialization and code reduction eliminating useless instructions and declarations are performed.

This example presents some PIPS transformations and use of

  • program restructuration, cloning, dead code elimination, useless declaration elimination, and code regeneration;
  • pips property: PREPROCESSOR_MISSING_FILE_HANDLING "generate";
  • transformation application : apply CLONE_ON_ARGUMENT[FUNCT].
  • <rule-name> : PRINT_CODE...
  • <rule-descriptor>: SUPPRESS_DEAD_CODE[${modules}], UNSPLIT[%PROGRAM]...
  • <resource-descriptor> : PRINTED_FILE[FUNCT], CALLGRAPH_FILE[%ALL]...
# Delete Workspace clone in case  it already exists  
 
delete clone  
 
setenv PIPS_SRCPATH SRC  
 
# Stop as soon as the first user error occurs  
 
setproperty ABORT_ON_USER_ERROR TRUE  
 
# Generates missing files  and routines  
 
setproperty PREPROCESSOR_MISSING_FILE_HANDLING "generate"  
 
# Substitute Fortran statement functions  
 
setproperty PARSER_EXPAND_STATEMENT_FUNCTIONS TRUE  
 
# Restructures the program to eliminate as many GOTO as possible  
 
setproperty UNSPAGHETTIFY_TEST_RESTRUCTURING=TRUE  
setproperty UNSPAGHETTIFY_RECURSIVE_DECOMPOSITION=TRUE  
 
#  
# prettyprinter settings  
 
setproperty PRETTYPRINT_ALL_DECLARATIONS TRUE  
 
# creates the workspace  
 
create clone *.f  
 
 
echo # initial version of FUNCT  
 
display PRINTED_FILE[FUNCT]  
 
#  
# just to insure that all routines are generated.  
 
make CALLGRAPH_FILE[%ALL]  
 
#  
# let us clone FUNCT on the second argument.  
# no interprocedural analysis is needed.  
 
setproperty TRANSFORMATION_CLONE_ON_ARGUMENT 2  
capply CLONE_ON_ARGUMENT[FUNCT]  
 
# The clone transformation generates 4 clones  
# because there are 4 different values for the second  
# argument of FUNCT  
 
setenv modules "FUNCT_0 FUNCT_1 FUNCT_2 FUNCT_3"  
 
#  
# suppress dead code must be applied twice...  
# eliminate dead code after cloning  
 
apply SUPPRESS_DEAD_CODE[${modules}]  
apply SUPPRESS_DEAD_CODE[${modules}]  
 
# Eliminates useless declaration after cloning and dead code  
# suppression  
 
apply CLEAN_DECLARATIONS[FUNCT ${modules}]  
 
echo # after cloning, dead code elimination and declarations cleaning  
 
make  PRINTED_FILE[${modules}]  
 
#  
# regenerates the source files with calls to cloned functions only  
#  
 
activate PRINT_CODE  
apply UNSPLIT[%PROGRAM]  
 
close

4.4 Analyses

This example presents some classical PIPS analyzes:

  • computation of preconditions;
  • transformers;
  • effects;
  • regions

and a concurrent transformation application.

capply PARTIAL_EVAL[%ALL] applies a partial evaluation on all routines concurrently without any verification process between two transformations. The partial evaluation of a routine does not modify other routine predicates, even if the code (one routine) has been modified by the transformation. It is not necessary to ask for a sequential application that will impose the analysis and re-computation of all routine predicates between two partial evaluations.

create foo *.f  
 
echo  
echo CALL_GRAPH[%ALL] Computation  
echo  
 
display CALLGRAPH_FILE[%ALL]  
 
# ask interprocedural information  
 
activate PRECONDITIONS_INTER_FULL  
activate TRANSFORMERS_INTER_FULL  
 
module FUNCT  
 
capply PARTIAL_EVAL[%ALL]  
 
#echo  
#echo PRINT_CODE_PROPER_EFFECTS Activation  
#echo  
#  
#activate PRINT_CODE_PROPER_EFFECTS  
#display PRINTED_FILE[%ALL]  
#  
#echo  
#echo PRINT_CODE_CUMULATED_EFFECTS Activation  
#echo  
#  
#activate PRINT_CODE_CUMULATED_EFFECTS  
#display PRINTED_FILE[%ALL]  
 
echo  
echo PRINT_CODE_TRANSFORMERS Activation  
echo  
 
 
activate PRINT_CODE_TRANSFORMERS  
display PRINTED_FILE[%ALL]  
 
echo  
echo PRINT_CODE_PRECONDITIONS Activation  
echo  
 
activate PRINT_CODE_PRECONDITIONS  
display PRINTED_FILE[%ALL]  
 
echo  
echo ICFG_WITH_LOOPS_REGIONS  
echo  
 
activate PRINT_ICFG_WITH_LOOPS_REGIONS  
display ICFG_FILE[%ALL]  
 
echo  
echo REGIONS Computation  
echo  
 
activate MUST_REGIONS  
activate PRINT_CODE_REGIONS  
display PRINTED_FILE[%ALL]  
 
 
close  
quit

4.5 Graphical Graph View

This example presents a call to a graphical call graph view.

# resize the entities table. Useful for  large benchmarks.  
 
setenv NEWGEN_MAX_TABULATED_ELEMENTS 150000  
setenv MAINROUTINE  TOTO  
 
delete DVCG  
create DVCG *.f  
 
 
echo  
echo CALLGRAPH_FILE[${MAINROUTINE}] Computation  
echo  
 
 
make CALLGRAPH_FILE[${MAINROUTINE}]  
 
 
echo  
echo DVCG_FILE[${MAINROUTINE}] Computation  
echo  
 
make DVCG_FILE[${MAINROUTINE}]  
 
# type DaVinci DVCG.database/${MAINROUTINE}/${MAINROUTINE}.daVinci  
# to  visualize  
 
close  
quit

4.6 Parallelization

This example presents some classical analyses and transformations designed to parallelize benchmarks, for instance the adm program of the Perfect club.

#  
# Perfect club ADM benchmark.  
 
echo Perfect/adm.f  
#  
delete adm  
create adm adm.f  cputim.f elapse.f  
 
setproperty UNSPAGHETTIFY_TEST_RESTRUCTURING=TRUE  
setproperty UNSPAGHETTIFY_RECURSIVE_DECOMPOSITION=TRUE  
setproperty PARALLELIZATION_STATISTICS=TRUE  
 
echo ADM scalar privatization...  
 
capply PRIVATIZE_MODULE[%ALL]  
 
 
activate PRECONDITIONS_INTER_FULL  
activate TRANSFORMERS_INTER_FULL  
 
activate RICE_SEMANTICS_DEPENDENCE_GRAPH  
 
apply PARTIAL_EVAL[%ALL]  
 
echo ADM parallelization...  
make PARALLELPRINTED_FILE[%ALL]  
 
close  
quit

5 Rules — Pips options

Rules are used to compute resources. Several rules can be activated to compute a single resource. For instance a parallel version of a module may be computed from the interprocedural precondition (PRECONDITIONS_INTER_FULL), interprocedural transformer (TRANSFORMERS_INTER_FULL) and accurate dependencies (RICE_SEMANTICS_DEPENDENCE_GRAPH). Rules are selected by activate or selected and applied by apply and capply. More rules and more information on each particular rule are presented in the pipsmake documentation, http://www.cri.ensmp.fr/pips/pipsmake-rc.htdoc or http://www.cri.ensmp.fr/pips/pipsmake-rc.htdoc/pipsmake-rc.pdf.

####␣ANALYSES␣####  
 
ATOMIC_CHAINS  
CONTINUATION_CONDITIONS  
FLINTER  
PROPER_REFERENCES  
 
###␣COMPLEXITITY  
 
ANY_COMPLEXITIES  
FP_COMPLEXITIES  
UNIFORM_COMPLEXITIES  
SUMMARY_COMPLEXITY  
 
###␣PRIVATIZATION  
 
ARRAY_PRIVATIZER  
ARRAY_SECTION_PRIVATIZER  
DECLARATIONS_PRIVATIZER  
PRIVATIZE_MODULE  
 
###␣EFFECTS  
 
CUMULATED_EFFECTS  
CUMULATED_REDUCTIONS  
CUMULATED_REFERENCES  
IN_EFFECTS  
IN_SUMMARY_EFFECTS  
OUT_EFFECTS  
OUT_SUMMARY_EFFECTS  
PROPER_EFFECTS  
SUMMARY_EFFECTS  
 
 
###␣PRECONDITIONS  
 
PRECONDITIONS_INTER_FAST  
PRECONDITIONS_INTER_FULL  
PRECONDITIONS_INTRA  
SUMMARY_PRECONDITION  
 
 
###␣TRANSFORMERS  
 
SUMMARY_TRANSFORMER  
TRANSFORMERS_INTER_FAST  
TRANSFORMERS_INTER_FULL  
TRANSFORMERS_INTRA_FAST  
TRANSFORMERS_INTRA_FULL  
 
 
###␣REGIONS  
 
IN_OUT_REGIONS_CHAINS  
IN_REGIONS  
IN_SUMMARY_REGIONS  
MAY_REGIONS  
MUST_REGIONS  
OUT_REGIONS  
OUT_SUMMARY_REGIONS  
REGION_CHAINS  
SUMMARY_REGIONS  
 
###␣CALLGRAPH  
 
FULL_GRAPH_OF_CALLS  
CALLGRAPH  
GRAPH_OF_CALLS  
 
###␣DEPENDENCES  
 
RICE_ALL_DEPENDENCE  
RICE_CRAY  
RICE_DATA_DEPENDENCE  
RICE_FAST_DEPENDENCE_GRAPH  
RICE_FULL_DEPENDENCE_GRAPH  
RICE_REGIONS_DEPENDENCE_GRAPH  
RICE_SEMANTICS_DEPENDENCE_GRAPH  
 
###␣REDUCTIONS  
 
PROPER_REDUCTIONS  
SUMMARY_REDUCTIONS  
 
 
####␣TRANSFORMATIONS␣####  
 
FORWARD_SUBSTITUTE  
PARTIAL_EVAL  
 
###␣RESTRUCTURATION  
 
ATOMIZER  
CLEAN_DECLARATIONS  
CLONE  
CLONE_ON_ARGUMENT  
CLONE_SUBSTITUTE  
RESTRUCTURE_CONTROL  
SUPPRESS_DEAD_CODE  
UNSPAGHETTIFY  
UNSPLIT  
USE_DEF_ELIMINATION  
 
###␣LOOP␣TRANSFORMATION  
 
DISTRIBUTER  
FULL_UNROLL  
LOOP_INTERCHANGE  
LOOP_NORMALIZE  
LOOP_REDUCTIONS  
STRIP_MINE  
UNROLL  
 
###␣PARALLELIZATION  
 
COARSE_GRAIN_PARALLELIZATION  
NEST_PARALLELIZATION

####␣PRETTYPRINT␣####  
 
###␣PRINT_CALL_GRAPH  
 
PRINT_CALL_GRAPH  
PRINT_CALL_GRAPH_WITH_COMPLEXITIES  
PRINT_CALL_GRAPH_WITH_CUMULATED_EFFECTS  
PRINT_CALL_GRAPH_WITH_IN_REGIONS  
PRINT_CALL_GRAPH_WITH_OUT_REGIONS  
PRINT_CALL_GRAPH_WITH_PRECONDITIONS  
PRINT_CALL_GRAPH_WITH_PROPER_EFFECTS  
PRINT_CALL_GRAPH_WITH_REGIONS  
PRINT_CALL_GRAPH_WITH_TRANSFORMERS  
 
###␣PRINT_CHAINS_GRAPH  
 
PRINT_CHAINS_GRAPH  
 
###␣PRINT_CODE␣␣WITH␣...  
 
PRINT_CODE  
PRINT_CODE_AS_A_GRAPH  
PRINT_CODE_AS_A_GRAPH_COMPLEXITIES  
PRINT_CODE_AS_A_GRAPH_CUMULATED_EFFECTS  
PRINT_CODE_AS_A_GRAPH_IN_REGIONS  
PRINT_CODE_AS_A_GRAPH_OUT_REGIONS  
PRINT_CODE_AS_A_GRAPH_PRECONDITIONS  
PRINT_CODE_AS_A_GRAPH_PROPER_EFFECTS  
PRINT_CODE_AS_A_GRAPH_REGIONS  
PRINT_CODE_AS_A_GRAPH_TRANSFORMERS  
PRINT_CODE_COMPLEMENTARY_SECTIONS  
PRINT_CODE_COMPLEXITIES  
PRINT_CODE_CONTINUATION_CONDITIONS  
PRINT_CODE_CUMULATED_EFFECTS  
PRINT_CODE_CUMULATED_REDUCTIONS  
PRINT_CODE_CUMULATED_REFERENCES  
PRINT_CODE_IN_EFFECTS  
PRINT_CODE_IN_REGIONS  
PRINT_CODE_OUT_EFFECTS  
PRINT_CODE_OUT_REGIONS  
PRINT_CODE_PRECONDITIONS  
PRINT_CODE_PRIVATIZED_REGIONS  
PRINT_CODE_PROPER_EFFECTS  
PRINT_CODE_PROPER_REDUCTIONS  
PRINT_CODE_PROPER_REFERENCES  
PRINT_CODE_PROPER_REGIONS  
PRINT_CODE_REGIONS  
PRINT_CODE_STATIC_CONTROL  
PRINT_CODE_TRANSFORMERS  
 
###␣PRINT_DEPENDENCE_GRAPH  
 
PRINT_EFFECTIVE_DEPENDENCE_GRAPH  
PRINT_LOOP_CARRIED_DEPENDENCE_GRAPH  
PRINT_WHOLE_DEPENDENCE_GRAPH  
 
###␣PRINT_ICFG  
 
PRINT_ICFG  
PRINT_ICFG_WITH_COMPLEXITIES  
PRINT_ICFG_WITH_CONTROL  
PRINT_ICFG_WITH_CONTROL_COMPLEXITIES  
PRINT_ICFG_WITH_CONTROL_CUMULATED_EFFECTS  
PRINT_ICFG_WITH_CONTROL_IN_REGIONS  
PRINT_ICFG_WITH_CONTROL_OUT_REGIONS  
PRINT_ICFG_WITH_CONTROL_PRECONDITIONS  
PRINT_ICFG_WITH_CONTROL_PROPER_EFFECTS  
PRINT_ICFG_WITH_CONTROL_REGIONS  
PRINT_ICFG_WITH_CONTROL_TRANSFORMERS  
PRINT_ICFG_WITH_CUMULATED_EFFECTS  
PRINT_ICFG_WITH_IN_REGIONS  
PRINT_ICFG_WITH_LOOPS  
PRINT_ICFG_WITH_LOOPS_COMPLEXITIES  
PRINT_ICFG_WITH_LOOPS_CUMULATED_EFFECTS  
PRINT_ICFG_WITH_LOOPS_IN_REGIONS  
PRINT_ICFG_WITH_LOOPS_OUT_REGIONS  
PRINT_ICFG_WITH_LOOPS_PRECONDITIONS  
PRINT_ICFG_WITH_LOOPS_PROPER_EFFECTS  
PRINT_ICFG_WITH_LOOPS_REGIONS  
PRINT_ICFG_WITH_LOOPS_TRANSFORMERS  
PRINT_ICFG_WITH_OUT_REGIONS  
PRINT_ICFG_WITH_PRECONDITIONS  
PRINT_ICFG_WITH_PROPER_EFFECTS  
PRINT_ICFG_WITH_REGIONS  
PRINT_ICFG_WITH_TRANSFORMERS  
 
PRINT_INITIAL_PRECONDITION  
 
###␣PRINT_PARALLELIZED_CODE  
 
PRINT_PARALLELIZED77_CODE  
PRINT_PARALLELIZED90_CODE  
PRINT_PARALLELIZEDCMF_CODE  
PRINT_PARALLELIZEDCRAFT_CODE  
PRINT_PARALLELIZEDCRAY_CODE  
PRINT_PARALLELIZEDHPF_CODE  
PRINT_PARALLELIZEDOMP_CODE  
 
###␣PRINT_SOURCE  
 
PRINT_SOURCE  
PRINT_SOURCE_COMPLEXITIES  
PRINT_SOURCE_CONTINUATION_CONDITIONS  
PRINT_SOURCE_CUMULATED_EFFECTS  
PRINT_SOURCE_IN_EFFECTS  
PRINT_SOURCE_IN_REGIONS  
PRINT_SOURCE_OUT_EFFECTS  
PRINT_SOURCE_OUT_REGIONS  
PRINT_SOURCE_PRECONDITIONS  
PRINT_SOURCE_PROPER_EFFECTS  
PRINT_SOURCE_REGIONS  
PRINT_SOURCE_TRANSFORMERS

6 Resources

The names of the current useful resources are given. These resources are computed by the make and display commands. These non-printable resources are encoded in internal data structures. The corresponding printable resources are listed in the following section. These resources and others are detailed the pipsmake documentation, http://www.cri.ensmp.fr/pips/pipsmake-rc.htdoc or http://www.cri.ensmp.fr/pips/pipsmake-rc.htdoc/pipsmake-rc.pdf.

CALLEES  
CALLERS  
CHAINS  
COMPLEXITIES  
DG  
ENTITIES  
SUMMARY_COMPLEXITY  
 
## CODE  
 
CODE  
PARALLELIZED_CODE  
PARSED_CODE  
 
 
## EFFECTS  
 
CUMULATED_EFFECTS  
CUMULATED_IN_EFFECTS  
IN_EFFECTS  
IN_SUMMARY_EFFECTS  
OUT_EFFECTS  
OUT_SUMMARY_EFFECTS  
PROPER_EFFECTS  
SUMMARY_EFFECTS

## REGIONS  
 
COPY_OUT_REGIONS  
CUMULATED_IN_REGIONS  
INV_IN_REGIONS  
INV_REGIONS  
IN_REGIONS  
IN_SUMMARY_REGIONS  
OUT_REGIONS  
OUT_SUMMARY_REGIONS  
PRIVATIZED_REGIONS  
PROPER_REGIONS  
REGIONS  
SUMMARY_REGIONS  
 
## REDUCTIONS  
 
CUMULATED_REDUCTIONS  
PROPER_REDUCTIONS  
SUMMARY_REDUCTIONS  
 
## REFERENCES  
 
CUMULATED_REFERENCES  
PROPER_REFERENCES

## PRECONDITION  
 
INITIAL_PRECONDITION  
PRECONDITIONS  
PROGRAM_PRECONDITION  
SUMMARY_PRECONDITION  
 
## TRANSFORMERS  
 
SUMMARY_TRANSFORMER  
TRANSFORMERS  
 
## CONTINUATION  
 
MAY_CONTINUATION  
MAY_SUMMARY_CONTINUATION  
MUST_CONTINUATION  
MUST_SUMMARY_CONTINUATION

7 Printable resources

The printable resources usually contain the string FILE. They can be computed by invoking the display tpips command. They are stored as human readable ASCII file in the workspace. The current resources which are printable follow, for more information see the pipsmake documentation, http://www.cri.ensmp.fr/pips/pipsmake-rc.htdoc or http://www.cri.ensmp.fr/pips/pipsmake-rc.htdoc/pipsmake-rc.pdf. .

CALLGRAPH_FILE                   # call graph file  
DG_FILE                          # Dependence graph file  
DVCG_FILE                        # Davinci Dependence graph file  
FLINTED_FILE                     # source file with errors  
GRAPH_PRINTED_FILE               # control graph  
ICFG_FILE                        # interprocedural control flow graph  
INITIAL_FILE                     # after splitting  
PARALLELPRINTED_FILE             # parallel version  
PRINTED_FILE                     # annoted sequential version  
SOURCE_FILE                      # after the preprocessing phase  
USER_FILE                        # after regeneration of user files

8 Options

Usage:
tpips [-nscvh?jw] [-l logfile ] [-r rcfile ] [-e tpips-cmds ] tpips-scripts

-n
no execution mode. Just check the script syntax;
-s
behaves like a shell. tpips commands simply extend a shell;
-c
behaves like a command, not a shell (it is the default option);
-v
displays version and architecture information;
-h or -?
provides some help;
-j
jpips special mode;
-w
starts with a wrapper (jpips special again)...
-l
<logfile>: log to <logfile>;
-r
<rcfile>: source the <rcfile> file (default $HOME/.tpipsrc);
-e
tpips-cmds: executes the <tpips-cmds> commands.

9 Environment

Before using tpips, you need to add a PIPS root directory to your path and to set some PIPS environment variables. In order to do that, you can source from the PIPS distribution the shell script pipsrc.sh for any sh compatible shell, e.g. ksh or bash, or pipsrc.csh for any csh compatible shell, e.g. tcsh.

10 Small tools

tpips is the way to go with PIPS but it may be too complex to do some simple tasks used for some demonstrations or some well defined tasks.

10.1 pips_c2openmp

This tools parallelizes the C source files given in parameters and leaves the OpenMP generated files in the locally created database.

It is close to an automation of the example at section 4.6, but for C.

10.2 pips_f2openmp

This tools parallelizes the Fortran source files given in parameters and leaves the OpenMP generated files in the locally created database.

It is close to an automation of the example at section 4.6.

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